This article will show an installation of Oracle Grid Infrastructure 12cR1 in silent mode.
The Oracle Grid Infrastructure is the Oracle software that provides system support for Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM), Oracle Restart (for Standalone server only) and Clusterware (for Cluster only). You must install Oracle Grid Infrastructure before installing your database.
In this article ...
... root access is needed
... at least 8GB free disk space
Before starting
You will need:
Prerequisites
Users and groups
Create minimal required groups and users with the following commands as root:
[root]$ /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
[root]$ /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dba
[root]$ /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
[root]$ /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
[root]$ /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
[root]$ /usr/sbin/useradd -u 54322 grid
[root]$ /usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,asmoper,asmadmin grid
[root]$ passwd grid
Shell Limits
To improve the performance, you can increase the shell limits for the oracle user by adding the following lines to /etc/security/limits.conf:
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft nproc 16384
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft stack 10240
grid hard stack 32768
Make sure, the following lines is in /etc/pam.d/login file:
session required pam_limits.so
User limits
Make sure oracle user's default shell is Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell.
Then add the following lines to the end of /etc/profile file:
if [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
Disable SELinux
Edit /etc/selinux/config config file and set SELINUX to "disabled" or "permissive":
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
And execute the following commands as root to immediately disable SELinux:
# Disable SELinux
[root]$ /usr/sbin/setenforce 0
# Check current SELinux configuration
[root]$ /usr/sbin/getenforce
Permissive
Mountpoint with dedicated filesystem
It is advised to create a mountpoint with a dedicated filesystem which will store oracle GI binaries for several reasons:
- to not to fill up root filesystem
- to increase this specific filesystem only if needed
- to be able to move disk and filesystems to an other server
Execute theses commands as root for a new sdb disk:
# Create partition on the new disk
[root]$ fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help):n
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
First cylinder (1-6, default 1): 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-6, default 6): 6
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
# Check new created partition
[root]$ fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes, 12582912 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x23f11588
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 12582911 6290432 83 Linux
# Create filesystem
[root]$ mkfs -t xfs /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=131008 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=1572608, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
# Create mountpoint
[root]$ mkdir /u01
# Mount mountpoint
[root]$ printf "\n/dev/sdb1\t/u01\txfs\tdefaults\t1 2\n" >> /etc/fstab
[root]$ mount /u01
[root]$ df -m | grep /u01
/dev/sdb1 6133 4049 2085 67% /u01
# Change permissions
[root]$ chown root.oinstall /u01
[root]$ chmod 775 /u01
Prerequisite packages
Choose to install prerequisite packages manually or with the special oracle preinstall package
# Automatic oracle packages prerequisite install
[root]$ yum -y install oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall
# Manually oracle packages prerequisite install
[root]$ yum -y install compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc-c++ ksh libaio-devel libstdc++-devel glibc
Install Oracle Grid Infrastructure
Unpack installation files
# Go to folder containing installation zip files first
# Then execute this command
$ ls linuxamd64_12102_grid*.zip | xargs -I{} unzip {}
Check prerequisite verification report
# Setup ssh passwordless access to node
$ cd grid/sshsetup
$ ./sshUserSetup.sh -user grid -hosts "oralab01" -advanced -confirm -noPromptPassphrase
$ cd ../..
# Run verification utility script
$ cd grid
$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -fixupnoexec -n oralab01
Silent mode
Here is a simple script you can update for your needs
#!/bin/ksh
#== variables ==#
ORACLE_INSTALL_SRC=/media/sf_uxora_share/grid
ORACLE_USER=grid
ORACLE_GRP_DBA=dba
ORACLE_GRP_INST=oinstall
ORACLE_GRP_ASMDBA=asmdba
ORACLE_GRP_ASMOPER=asmoper
ORACLE_GRP_ASMADM=asmadmin
ORACLE_INVENTORY_LOC=/u01/app/oraInventory
ORACLE_DB_FOLDER_NAME=grid_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
HOSTNAME=$(hostname)
#== Make sure only root can run this script ==#
if [[ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]]; then
echo "ERROR: This script must be run as root" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
#== Retrieve oracle grid version ==#
if [[ -r "${ORACLE_INSTALL_SRC}/stage/products.xml" ]]; then
ORACLE_VERSION=$( grep -e "^<COMP NAME=\"oracle.crs\" VER=" "${ORACLE_INSTALL_SRC}/stage/products.xml" 2>/dev/null | cut -c30-35 | grep -e "^[0-9][0-9]\.[0-9]\.[0-9]" )
else
echo "ERROR: Oracle GRID version cannot be found in ${ORACLE_INSTALL_SRC}/stage/products.xml" 1>&2
exit 2
fi
#== Check ORACLE_HOME ==#
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_BASE}/product/${ORACLE_VERSION}/${ORACLE_DB_FOLDER_NAME}
if [[ -e "${ORACLE_HOME}" ]]; then
echo "ERROR: ORACLE_HOME already exists: ${ORACLE_HOME}" 1>&2
exit 3
fi
#== Create directories ==#
mkdir -p ${ORACLE_INVENTORY_LOC}
mkdir -p ${ORACLE_BASE}/base
mkdir -p ${ORACLE_HOME}
chown -R ${ORACLE_USER}:${ORACLE_GRP_INST} ${ORACLE_INVENTORY_LOC} ${ORACLE_BASE} ${ORACLE_HOME}
chmod -R 775 ${ORACLE_INVENTORY_LOC} ${ORACLE_BASE} ${ORACLE_HOME}
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE}/base
#== Oracle GRID install ==#
su - ${ORACLE_USER} -c "
cd ${ORACLE_INSTALL_SRC} && \
./runInstaller -waitForCompletion -showProgress -silent \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en \
oracle.install.option=CRS_SWONLY \
oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=${ORACLE_GRP_ASMDBA} \
oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=${ORACLE_GRP_ASMOPER} \
oracle.install.asm.OSASM=${ORACLE_GRP_ASMADM} \
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE} \
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${HOSTNAME} \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORACLE_INVENTORY_LOC}
"
#== Post install ==#
[[ -r ${ORACLE_HOME}/root.sh ]] && ${ORACLE_HOME}/root.sh || echo "ERROR: root.sh not found"
echo "Please check log file for error."
exit 0
Check script output below
Expand/Collapse
# Execute script to install oracle grid
[root]$ ./ora_install_grid.sh
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 415 MB. Actual 4212 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 7370 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-06-23_02-44-34AM. Please wait ...[WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements.
CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-06-23_02-44-34AM.log
ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-06-23_02-44-34AM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
You can find the log of this install session at:
/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-06-23_02-44-34AM.log
Prepare in progress.
.................................................. 8% Done.
Prepare successful.
Copy files in progress.
.................................................. 14% Done.
.................................................. 25% Done.
.................................................. 30% Done.
.................................................. 35% Done.
.................................................. 40% Done.
.................................................. 46% Done.
.................................................. 51% Done.
.................................................. 56% Done.
.................................................. 61% Done.
.................................................. 66% Done.
.................................................. 71% Done.
.................................................. 76% Done.
Copy files successful.
Link binaries in progress.
Link binaries successful.
Setup files in progress.
..............................
Setup files successful.
..........
Setup Inventory in progress.
Setup Inventory successful.
.................................................. 84% Done.
Finish Setup successful.
The installation of Oracle Grid Infrastructure 12c was successful.
Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2015-06-23_02-44-34AM.log' for more details.
Setup Oracle Base in progress.
Setup Oracle Base successful.
.................................................. 95% Done.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/root.sh
.................................................. 100% Done.
Successfully Setup Software.
As install user, execute the following script to complete the configuration.
1. /u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/cfgtoollogs/configToolAllCommands RESPONSE_FILE=<response_file>
Note:
1. This script must be run on the same host from where installer was run.
2. This script needs a small password properties file for configuration assistants that require passwords (refer to install guide documentation).
Check /u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/install/root_uxoravmoel7_2015-06-23_02-48-54.log for the output of root script
Please check log file for error.
[root]$ cat /u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/install/root_uxoravmoel7_2015-06-23_02-48-54.log
Performing root user operation.
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= grid
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
To configure Grid Infrastructure for a Stand-Alone Server run the following command as the root user:
/u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/perl/lib -I/u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/crs/install /u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/crs/install/roothas.pl
To configure Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster execute the following command as grid user:
/u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/crs/config/config.sh
This command launches the Grid Infrastructure Configuration Wizard. The wizard also supports silent operation, and the parameters can be passed through the response file that is available in the installation media.
Make sure you check log file for error other than non-critical prerequisites.
Check this article here if you encounter some errors
Post Installation
Configure for standalone server
As you can see in root.sh script log output, the following command line need to be executed as root user to configure as a standalone server:
[root]$ /u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/perl/lib -I/u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/crs/install /u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/crs/install/roothas.pl
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Configure for cluster
coming soon...
User profile
Add to the ~/.bash_profile if use bash or ~/.profile if use ksh as shell login
umask 022
export EDITOR=vi
export NLS_LANG='American_America.UTF8'
# Keyboard
stty erase ^?
set -o vi
# UNIX Prompt
export PS1='[\u@\h:\w (${ORACLE_SID:-"no sid"})]$ '
# For oracle grid
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/grid/product/12.1.0/grid_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid/base
ORACLE_SID=+ASM
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH PS1
alias crsstat='crsctl status resource -t'
alias sqasm='sqlplus / as sysasm'
# aliases
alias ll='ls -l --color=tty'
alias mv='mv -i'
alias rm='rm -i'
alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME'
alias cdtns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin'
alias cdadm='cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID'
alias sq='sqlplus / as sysdba'
alias os='echo $ORACLE_SID'
Add listener
[grid]$ srvctl add listener -l LISTENER
[grid]$ srvctl start listener
List status ressources
[grid]$ crsctl status resource -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name Target State Server State details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg
ONLINE ONLINE oralab01 STABLE
ora.FRA.dg
ONLINE ONLINE oralab01 STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE oralab01 STABLE
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE oralab01 Started,STABLE
ora.ons
OFFLINE OFFLINE oralab01 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
1 ONLINE ONLINE oralab01 STABLE
ora.diskmon
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE
ora.evmd
1 ONLINE ONLINE oralab01 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What's next ...
- Configure Oracle ASM (see here)
- Install Oracle 11g/12c rdbms (see here)
Please leave comments and suggestions,
Michel.
Reference
Grid Infrastructure Installation Guide (oracle.com)
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